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Some thoughts on Nuclear Fusion (updated 06/11/2019)


What if Nuclear Fusion was possible on planet Earth?

Inertial Confinement Fusion is a technique that has been a field of research on the matter for years and has practically succeeded the process of Nuclear Fusion on a small scale.

However, a realization of ICF on a large scale could be possible.

A large vacuum tank needs to be filled with hydrogen atoms, that are purified out of the atmosphere. The tank has solid, airproof walls with lasers attached to it.

The lasers point at the hydrogen atoms, compressing them until the nuclei fuse into heavier elements, such as deuterium. At a later point in time the element of helium 3 is released. This is the element that is needed to purify the air.

Reaching the critical breakeven energy point in nuclear fusion has been accomplished.

The plasma is to be canalized into different directions by the aid of pipelines to areas of the world that need energy. The pipelines need to be airproof as well as not to have any loss of energy during transport to the designated areas.

The tank carries the name Stellarator.

Optimal conditions to reach nuclear fusion:

The temperature in the chamber at the time of the breakeven energy point would have to be a tad higher than 15.000.000°C, the temperature, equal to the one in our sun's core.

The compression of the energy, coming from the lasers, would have to be directly proportional to the temperature in the chamber and of the plasma.

The plasma has to reach a temperature over 100.000.000°C, taking into account the above conditions of proportionality.

The density in the chamber would have to be 150g/km³

The overall pressure would have to be 265 billion bar.

The velocity of the laser beams are calculated at 700.000 miles/hour for an optimal result, taking into account the oscillation of the proportionality between the laser beams and the temperature of the chamber/plasma.

The tank needs to be isolated at the temperature of -273.15°C. Tritium is used for cooling the tank.

(Tritium reduces the radioactive waste to a neglectable amount, compared to uranium, used with nuclear fission.)

Nuclear fusion comes in 3 useful forms, once the breakeven energy point has been reached. These would be the forms of plasma, energy, and the indispensable helium 3.

The plasma would replace our current gasoline, kerosine and rocket fuel. The energy form can be used as a replacement for our current gas distribution and also as a energy supplier for rockets in order to be able to make longer distances in space. In that case we must hold into account the inexhaustability of the energy, hence we have to control the speed of the probe by means of controlling the energy supply of the probe, aided by our technology. We have the possibility of travelling at the speed of light with the energy form of nuclear fusion. We also have the advantage of carrying a much smaller energy supply tank, hence we can transport more material for space exploration/investigation.

Helium 3 is needed to purify the air.

Gasstations, gas reservoirs, motors, cars, kerosine tanks, in other words, our complete current infrastructure does not have to be altered as the nuclear fusion plasma and energy have a 100% adaptability to their surroundings. It goes without saying that helium 3 adapts to it surroundings.

I would like to give an example of the infinite opportunities we have with this particular energy supply. We take 500.000 litres of gasoline to supply a certain amount of cars. If we take the same amount of nuclear fusion plasma, we can supply 2 million times the same amount of cars the gasoline supplies in our example.

As nuclear fusion is a very powerful and inexhaustable energy form, it is of great importance to use it in a correct manner, hence the storage, distibution and control over the energy/plasma needs to be handled with the greatest care.

Concerning the economic part of the distribution of the energy/plasma, the current oil/gas prices can be applied in order to avoid any unnecessary confusion in the financial world and keep the stock markets in balance.

The costs of Wendelstein 7x totaled up to $370 million.

Taking into account the above information and the fact that the stellarator needs to be built at a much lower depth, I have calculated the estimate total cost of this project at $500 million.

Once the global supplying of nuclear fusion has commenced, Lawrence Livermore can start up again in order to supply the states. It goes without saying that Lawrence Livermore first needs its information out of the big bang.

2016: Hydrogen plasma at 80×106 K for 0.25 s according to expectations

Financial support for the project is about 80% from Germany and about 20% from the European Union. 90% of German funding comes from the federal government and 10% from the state government of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. The total investment for the stellarator itself over 1997–2014 amounted to 370 million euros, while the total cost for the IPP site in Greifswald including investment plus operating costs (personnel and material resources) amounted to EUR 1.06 billion for that 18-year period. This exceeded the original budget estimate, mainly because the initial development phase was longer than expected, doubling the personnel costs. In July 2011, the President of the Max Planck Society, Peter Gruss, announced that the United States would contribute 7.5 million dollars under the program "Innovative Approaches to Fusion" of the US Department of Energy.

Wendelstein 7-X is the world’s largest fusion device of the stellarator type. Its objective is to investigate the suitability of this type for a power plant. It tests an optimised magnetic field for confining the plasma, which will be produced by a system of 50 non-planar and superconducting magnet coils, this being the technical core piece of the device.

Stellarator device TJ-II (Spain)


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